This paper proposes to improve visual question answering (VQA) with structured representations of both scene contents and questions. A key challenge in VQA is to require joint reasoning over the visual and text domains. The predominant CNN/LSTM-based approach to VQA is limited by monolithic vector representations that largely ignore structure in the scene and in the form of the question. CNN feature vectors cannot effectively capture situations as simple as multiple object instances, and LSTMs process questions as series of words, which does not reflect the true complexity of language structure. We instead propose to build graphs over the scene objects and over the question words, and we describe a deep neural network that exploits the structure in these representations. This shows significant benefit over the sequential processing of LSTMs. The overall efficacy of our approach is demonstrated by significant improvements over the state-of-the-art, from 71.2% to 74.4% in accuracy on the "abstract scenes" multiple-choice benchmark, and from 34.7% to 39.1% in accuracy over pairs of "balanced" scenes, i.e. images with fine-grained differences and opposite yes/no answers to a same question.

本文提出通过建立基于场景信号和问题信息的图结构，应用深度神经网络分析问题的方法来提升视觉问答（VQA）的性能，相比于基于CNN/LSTM的VQA方法，本方法获得了显著的改善，其准确性从71.2％提高到74.4％，在不同的“平衡”场景中的准确性则提高了4.4％。

图形化结构表示用于视觉问题回答