Recently, methods have been proposed that perform texture synthesis and style transfer by using convolutional neural networks (e.g. Gatys et al. [2015,2016]). These methods are exciting because they can in some cases create results with state-of-the-art quality. However, in this paper, we show these methods also have limitations in texture quality, stability, requisite parameter tuning, and lack of user controls. This paper presents a multiscale synthesis pipeline based on convolutional neural networks that ameliorates these issues. We first give a mathematical explanation of the source of instabilities in many previous approaches. We then improve these instabilities by using histogram losses to synthesize textures that better statistically match the exemplar. We also show how to integrate localized style losses in our multiscale framework. These losses can improve the quality of large features, improve the separation of content and style, and offer artistic controls such as paint by numbers. We demonstrate that our approach offers improved quality, convergence in fewer iterations, and more stability over the optimization.

本文提出了一种基于卷积神经网络的多尺度合成管道，采用直方图损失来综合纹理，改善以前方法中的不稳定性，同时通过集成局部样式损失来提高特征的质量，改善内容和样式的分离，并提供艺术控制，进而获得更高质量、更快收敛和更好的稳定性。

使用直方图损失实现稳定可控的神经纹理合成和风格迁移