In this paper, we address the challenge of land use and land cover classification using remote sensing satellite images. For this challenging task, we use the openly and freely accessible Sentinel-2 satellite images provided within the scope of the Earth observation program Copernicus. The key contributions are as follows. We present a novel dataset based on satellite images covering 13 different spectral bands and consisting of 10 classes with in total 27,000 labeled images. We evaluate state-of-the-art deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNNs) on this novel dataset with its different spectral bands. We also evaluate deep CNNs on existing remote sensing datasets and compare the obtained results. With the proposed novel dataset, we achieved an overall classification accuracy of 98.57%. The classification system resulting from the proposed research opens a gate towards a number of Earth observation applications. We demonstrate how the classification system can be used for detecting land use or land cover changes and how it can assist in improving geographical maps.

本文介绍一种针对Sentinel-2卫星图像进行土地利用和土地覆盖分类的方法，提供了一个包含13个光谱波段及10类共27,000个标记和地理参考图像的新数据集，并使用最先进的深度卷积神经网络提供了基准测试。通过这一分类系统，可以用于检测土地利用和土地覆盖的变化，并帮助改进地理地图。

EuroSAT：一个用于土地利用和覆盖分类的新数据集和深度学习基准