We construct custom regularization functions for use in supervised training of deep neural networks. Our technique is applicable when the ground-truth labels themselves exhibit internal structure; we derive a regularizer by learning an autoencoder over the set of annotations. Training thereby becomes a two-phase procedure. The first phase models labels with an autoencoder. The second phase trains the actual network of interest by attaching an auxiliary branch that must predict output via a hidden layer of the autoencoder. After training, we discard this auxiliary branch. We experiment in the context of semantic segmentation, demonstrating this regularization strategy leads to consistent accuracy boosts over baselines, both when training from scratch, or in combination with ImageNet pretraining. Gains are also consistent over different choices of convolutional network architecture. As our regularizer is discarded after training, our method has zero cost at test time; the performance improvements are essentially free. We are simply able to learn better network weights by building an abstract model of the label space, and then training the network to understand this abstraction alongside the original task.

该研究构建了自定义正则化函数用于深度神经网络的监督训练，利用自动编码器得到正则化器，实现分段模型标签的训练，并在语义分割中展示了正则化策略对提高准确率的实验结果。

通过建模和预测标签结构来规范深度网络