Computer-aided techniques may lead to more accurate and more acces-sible diagnosis of thorax diseases on chest radiography. Despite the success of deep learning-based solutions, this task remains a major challenge in smart healthcare, since it is intrinsically a weakly supervised learning problem. In this paper, we incorporate the attention mechanism into a deep convolutional neural network, and thus propose the ChestNet model to address effective diagnosis of thorax diseases on chest radiography. This model consists of two branches: a classification branch serves as a uniform feature extraction-classification network to free users from troublesome handcrafted feature extraction, and an attention branch exploits the correlation between class labels and the locations of patholog-ical abnormalities and allows the model to concentrate adaptively on the patholog-ically abnormal regions. We evaluated our model against three state-of-the-art deep learning models on the Chest X-ray 14 dataset using the official patient-wise split. The results indicate that our model outperforms other methods, which use no extra training data, in diagnosing 14 thorax diseases on chest radiography.

本文提出了ChestNet模型，它将注意力机制融合到深度卷积神经网络中，以有效诊断胸部疾病，其结果表明，在使用官方病人方式分割的Chest X-ray 14数据集上，该模型优于其他无需额外训练数据使用的方法。

ChestNet: 用于胸部X射线分类的深度神经网络