Translation to or from low-resource languages LRLs poses challenges for machine translation in terms of both adequacy and fluency. Data augmentation utilizing large amounts of monolingual data is regarded as an effective way to alleviate these problems. In this paper, we propose a general framework for data augmentation in low-resource machine translation that not only uses target-side monolingual data, but also pivots through a related high-resource language HRL. Specifically, we experiment with a two-step pivoting method to convert high-resource data to the LRL, making use of available resources to better approximate the true data distribution of the LRL. First, we inject LRL words into HRL sentences through an induced bilingual dictionary. Second, we further edit these modified sentences using a modified unsupervised machine translation framework. Extensive experiments on four low-resource datasets show that under extreme low-resource settings, our data augmentation techniques improve translation quality by up to~1.5 to~8 BLEU points compared to supervised back-translation baselines

本论文提出了一种在低资源机器翻译中进行数据增强的通用框架，该框架不仅使用目标端单语数据，还通过相关高资源语言进行桥接，通过在两个步骤中使用词典和修改无监督机器翻译框架，将高资源数据转换为低资源语言，实验证明该方法在极低的资源条件下，与受监督背景转换基线相比，可将翻译质量提高1.5到8个BLEU点。

低资源翻译的广义数据增强