Video object segmentation (VOS) is a highly challenging problem since the initial mask, defining the target object, is only given at test-time. The main difficulty is to effectively handle appearance changes and similar background objects, while maintaining accurate segmentation. Most previous approaches fine-tune segmentation networks on the first frame, resulting in impractical frame-rates and risk of overfitting. More recent methods integrate generative target appearance models, but either achieve limited robustness or require large amounts of training data. We propose a novel VOS architecture consisting of two network components. The target appearance model consists of a light-weight module, learned during the inference stage using fast optimization techniques to predict a coarse but robust target segmentation. The segmentation model is exclusively trained offline, designed to process the coarse scores into high quality segmentation masks. Our method is fast, easily trainable and remains is highly effective in cases of limited training data. We perform extensive experiments on the challenging YouTube-VOS and DAVIS datasets. Our network achieves favorable performance, while operating at significantly higher frame-rates compared to state-of-the-art. Code is available at https://github.com/andr345/frtm-vos.

该研究提出了一种新的视频对象分割方式，它由轻量级模块和分割模型两部分组成。在推理阶段使用快速优化技术学习目标外观模型，以预测出粗略但鲁棒的目标分割，然后将粗略的分数转化成高质量的分割掩模，该模式具有快速、易于训练、在有限的训练数据情况下仍然高效等优点。在挑战性的 YouTube-VOS 和 DAVIS 数据集上进行了广泛实验，其结果与现有技术相比具有更高的帧率和优异的性能。

学习视频目标分割的快速和稳健的目标模型