Despite the recent progress in deep learning, most approaches still go for a silo-like solution, focusing on learning each task in isolation: training a separate neural network for each individual task. Many real-world problems, however, call for a multi-modal approach and, therefore, for multi-tasking models. Multi-task learning (MTL) aims to leverage useful information across tasks to improve the generalization capability of a model. In this survey, we provide a well-rounded view on state-of-the-art MTL techniques within the context of deep neural networks. Our contributions concern the following. First, we consider MTL from a network architecture point-of-view. We include an extensive overview and discuss the advantages/disadvantages of recent popular MTL models. Second, we examine various optimization methods to tackle the joint learning of multiple tasks. We summarize the qualitative elements of these works and explore their commonalities and differences. Finally, we provide an extensive experimental evaluation across a variety of datasets to examine the pros and cons of different methods, including both architectural and optimization based strategies.

本文综述了当前深度学习在计算机视觉中的多任务学习领域的最新研究进展，主要关注密集预测任务，从网络架构和优化方法两个角度进行了阐述和总结，旨在探讨多任务共享表示学习的优势和局限性。

密集预测任务的多任务学习：综述