Object detection in optical remote sensing images is an important and challenging task. In recent years, the methods based on convolutional neural networks have made good progress. However, due to the large variation in object scale, aspect ratio, and arbitrary orientation, the detection performance is difficult to be further improved. In this paper, we discuss the role of discriminative features in object detection, and then propose a Critical Feature Capturing Network (CFC-Net) to improve detection accuracy from three aspects: building powerful feature representation, refining preset anchors, and optimizing label assignment. Specifically, we first decouple the classification and regression features, and then construct robust critical features adapted to the respective tasks through the Polarization Attention Module (PAM). With the extracted discriminative regression features, the Rotation Anchor Refinement Module (R-ARM) performs localization refinement on preset horizontal anchors to obtain superior rotation anchors. Next, the Dynamic Anchor Learning (DAL) strategy is given to adaptively select high-quality anchors based on their ability to capture critical features. The proposed framework creates more powerful semantic representations for objects in remote sensing images and achieves high-performance real-time object detection. Experimental results on three remote sensing datasets including HRSC2016, DOTA, and UCAS-AOD show that our method achieves superior detection performance compared with many state-of-the-art approaches. Code and models are available at https://github.com/ming71/CFC-Net.

本文提出了一种名为CFC-Net的网络，该网络使用判别式特征来提高遥感图像中对象的检测精度，并通过构建强大的特征表示、优化预设锚点和优化标签分配等方面来改进检测性能。实验结果表明，在三个远程感应数据集中，与许多最先进的方法相比，该方法实现了卓越的检测性能。

远程感知图像任意方向物体检测的关键特征捕获网络CFC-Net