Several neural-based metrics have been recently proposed to evaluate machine translation quality. However, all of them resort to point estimates, which provide limited information at segment level. This is made worse as they are trained on noisy, biased and scarce human judgements, often resulting in unreliable quality predictions. In this paper, we introduce uncertainty-aware MT evaluation and analyze the trustworthiness of the predicted quality. We combine the COMET framework with two uncertainty estimation methods, Monte Carlo dropout and deep ensembles, to obtain quality scores along with confidence intervals. We compare the performance of our uncertainty-aware MT evaluation methods across multiple language pairs from the QT21 dataset and the WMT20 metrics task, augmented with MQM annotations. We experiment with varying numbers of references and further discuss the usefulness of uncertainty-aware quality estimation (without references) to flag possibly critical translation mistakes.

本研究介绍了一种基于神经网络度量的机器翻译质量不确定性评估方法，并结合蒙特卡罗dropout和深度集成等两种不确定度估计方法，得出质量分数以及置信区间。通过对来自QT21数据集和WMT20度量任务的多语种数据进行实验，验证了该方法的性能，进一步探讨了不依赖参考文献的不确定性评估在发现可能的翻译错误中的应用。

不确定性感知的机器翻译评估