Large language models, prompted with in-context examples, can perform semantic parsing with little training data. They do better when we formulate the problem as paraphrasing into canonical utterances, which cast the underlying meaning representations into a controlled natural language-like representation. Intuitively, such models can more easily output canonical utterances as they are closer to the natural language used for pre-training. More recently, models also pre-trained on code, like OpenAI Codex, have risen in prominence. Since accurately modeling code requires understanding of executable semantics. such models may prove more adept at semantic parsing. In this paper, we test this hypothesis and find that Codex performs better at semantic parsing than equivalent GPT-3 models. We find that unlike GPT-3, Codex performs similarly when targeting meaning representations directly, perhaps as meaning representations used in semantic parsing are structured similar to code.

本文研究使用具备上下文的例句，将语义解析问题转化为规范语句的近义词问题，旨在改善大型语言模型在少量训练数据下的性能，并探究在自然语言映射为代码的语义解析任务中，使用预训练模型OpenAI Codex能否表现更好。实验发现，相比等效的GPT-3模型，Codex在这种任务中表现更佳，尤其是在像Overnight和SMCalFlow这样的数据集中。

利用训练于代码上的语言模型进行少样本语义解析