Early in development, children learn to extend novel category labels to objects with the same shape, a phenomenon known as the shape bias. Inspired by these findings, Geirhos et al. (2019) examined whether deep neural networks show a shape or texture bias by constructing images with conflicting shape and texture cues. They found that convolutional neural networks strongly preferred to classify familiar objects based on texture as opposed to shape, suggesting a texture bias. However, there are a number of differences between how the networks were tested in this study versus how children are typically tested. In this work, we re-examine the inductive biases of neural networks by adapting the stimuli and procedure from Geirhos et al. (2019) to more closely follow the developmental paradigm and test on a wide range of pre-trained neural networks. Across three experiments, we find that deep neural networks exhibit a preference for shape rather than texture when tested under conditions that more closely replicate the developmental procedure.

该文使用类似于发育阶段的范式，检测了预训练神经网络在识别形状和纹理时的归纳偏好。实验结果表明，这些神经网络更倾向于基于形状而非纹理进行分类。

机器对形状与纹理的偏好：发育启发视角的探讨