Dynamical systems that evolve continuously over time are ubiquitous throughout science and engineering. Machine learning (ML) provides data-driven approaches to model and predict the dynamics of such systems. A core issue with this approach is that ML models are typically trained on discrete data, using ML methodologies that are not aware of underlying continuity properties, which results in models that often do not capture the underlying continuous dynamics of a system of interest. As a result, these ML models are of limited use for for many scientific and engineering applications. To address this challenge, we develop a convergence test based on numerical analysis theory. Our test verifies whether a model has learned a function that accurately approximates a system's underlying continuous dynamics. Models that fail this test fail to capture relevant dynamics, rendering them of limited utility for many scientific prediction tasks; while models that pass this test enable both better interpolation and better extrapolation in multiple ways. Our results illustrate how principled numerical analysis methods can be coupled with existing ML training/testing methodologies to validate models for science and engineering applications.

通过运用数值分析理论建立的收敛性测试方法，验证机器学习模型是否准确地学习了某个系统本质的连续动力学过程，成功的模型能够更好地插值和外推，为科学预测提供更精确的数学手段。

学习连续物理模型