We propose a new problem formulation and a corresponding evaluation framework to advance research on unsupervised domain adaptation for semantic image segmentation. The overall goal is fostering the development of adaptive learning systems that will continuously learn, without supervision, in ever-changing environments. Typical protocols that study adaptation algorithms for segmentation models are limited to few domains, adaptation happens offline, and human intervention is generally required, at least to annotate data for hyper-parameter tuning. We argue that such constraints are incompatible with algorithms that can continuously adapt to different real-world situations. To address this, we propose a protocol where models need to learn online, from sequences of temporally correlated images, requiring continuous, frame-by-frame adaptation. We accompany this new protocol with a variety of baselines to tackle the proposed formulation, as well as an extensive analysis of their behaviors, which can serve as a starting point for future research.

提出了一种新的问题表述和相应的评估框架来推进无监督领域自适应语义图像分割的研究；介绍了一种在线学习的协议，旨在解决现有协议对于模型的领域局限性和离线学习性质导致算法难以在不断变化的环境中连续自适应的问题，并伴随着多种基准算法和广泛的行为分析。

语义图像分割在线适应之路