A long-standing goal in robotics is to build robots that can perform a wide range of daily tasks from perceptions obtained with their onboard sensors and specified only via natural language. While recently substantial advances have been achieved in language-driven robotics by leveraging end-to-end learning from pixels, there is no clear and well-understood process for making various design choices due to the underlying variation in setups. In this paper, we conduct an extensive study of the most critical challenges in learning language conditioned policies from offline free-form imitation datasets. We further identify architectural and algorithmic techniques that improve performance, such as a hierarchical decomposition of the robot control learning, a multimodal transformer encoder, discrete latent plans and a self-supervised contrastive loss that aligns video and language representations. By combining the results of our investigation with our improved model components, we are able to present a novel approach that significantly outperforms the state of the art on the challenging language conditioned long-horizon robot manipulation CALVIN benchmark. We have open-sourced our implementation to facilitate future research in learning to perform many complex manipulation skills in a row specified with natural language. Codebase and trained models available at http://hulc.cs.uni-freiburg.de

本研究旨在从自然语言文本中获取信息，进而训练机器人进行各种日常生活任务。我们通过探索一系列最重要的问题，来提出一种有效的机器人控制学习方法，该方法结合了分层控制、多模态变换编码器、离散潜在计划和自监督对比损失。同时，我们使用所提出的方法，成功地在机器人CALVIN基准测试中，超越了现有研究成果。

语言条件下的机器人模仿学习对非结构化数据的影响因素