Despite recent advances in natural language understanding and generation, and decades of research on the development of conversational bots, building automated agents that can carry on rich open-ended conversations with humans "in the wild" remains a formidable challenge. In this work we develop a real-time, open-ended dialogue system that uses reinforcement learning (RL) to power a bot's conversational skill at scale. Our work pairs the succinct embedding of the conversation state generated using SOTA (supervised) language models with RL techniques that are particularly suited to a dynamic action space that changes as the conversation progresses. Trained using crowd-sourced data, our novel system is able to substantially exceeds the (strong) baseline supervised model with respect to several metrics of interest in a live experiment with real users of the Google Assistant.

本研究利用强化学习技术结合最先进的自然语言理解模型创造了一个实时的对话系统，并在使用谷歌智能助手的实验中，使用众包数据进行训练，显著超越了强化模型，证明其对于自然人对话有较高的开放性和可行性。

使用强化学习进行开放式对话的动态规划