End-to-end neural NLP architectures are notoriously difficult to understand, which gives rise to numerous efforts towards model explainability in recent years. An essential principle of model explanation is Faithfulness, i.e., an explanation should accurately represent the reasoning process behind the model's prediction. This survey first discusses the definition and evaluation of Faithfulness, as well as its significance for explainability. We then introduce the recent advances in faithful explanation by grouping approaches into five categories: similarity methods, analysis of model-internal structures, backpropagation-based methods, counterfactual intervention, and self-explanatory models. Each category will be illustrated with its representative studies, advantages, and shortcomings. Finally, we discuss all the above methods in terms of their common virtues and limitations, and reflect on future work directions towards faithful explainability. For researchers interested in studying interpretability, this survey will offer an accessible and comprehensive overview of the area, laying the basis for further exploration. For users hoping to better understand their own models, this survey will be an introductory manual helping with choosing the most suitable explanation method(s).

本综述通过对忠实度的镜头，回顾了超过110种自然语言处理中的模型解释方法。我们考虑了忠实度的定义和评估，以及它对可解释性的重要性，并将现有方法分为五类。最后，我们总结了它们的共同优点和未解决的挑战，并反思了未来的研究方向。

自然语言处理中的模型解释研究综述