Blockchain, also coined as decentralized AI, has the potential to empower AI to be more trustworthy by creating a decentralized trust of privacy, security, and audibility. However, systematic studies on the design principle of Blockchain as a trust engine for an integrated society of Cyber-Physical-Socia-System (CPSS) are still absent. In this article, we provide an initiative for seeking the design principle of Blockchain for a better digital world. Using a hybrid method of qualitative and quantitative studies, we examine the past origin, the current development, and the future directions of Blockchain design principles. We have three findings. First, the answers to whether Blockchain lives up to its original design principle as a distributed database are controversial. Second, the current development of Blockchain community reveals a taxonomy of 7 categories, including privacy and security, scalability, decentralization, applicability, governance and regulation, system design, and cross-chain interoperability. Both research and practice are more centered around the first category of privacy and security and the fourth category of applicability. Future scholars, practitioners, and policy-makers have vast opportunities in other, much less exploited facets and the synthesis at the interface of multiple aspects. Finally, in counter-examples, we conclude that a synthetic solution that crosses discipline boundaries is necessary to close the gaps between the current design of Blockchain and the design principle of a trust engine for a truly intelligent world.

本文试图寻求用区块链作为信任引擎的设计原则，通过定性和定量研究的混合方法，讨论了区块链的过去、现在和未来发展方向，并得出了区块链设计原则的三个发现：第一，区块链作为分布式数据库的原始设计原则是否得以实现存在争议；第二，区块链社区的现有分类包括隐私和安全、可扩展性、去中心化、适用性、治理和监管、系统设计及跨链互操作性等方面。在这些分类中，隐私和安全的研究和应用更为突出，其他方面仍有较大的发展机会。最终，我们认为必须通过跨学科综合解决方案来弥合当前区块链设计与真正智能世界信任引擎设计原则之间的差距。

区块链的设计原则：SoK of SoKs 的倡议