In this paper, we introduce Dependency Dialogue Acts (DDA), a novel framework for capturing the structure of speaker-intentions in multi-party dialogues. DDA combines and adapts features from existing dialogue annotation frameworks, and emphasizes the multi-relational response structure of dialogues in addition to the dialogue acts and rhetorical relations. It represents the functional, discourse, and response structure in multi-party multi-threaded conversations. A few key features distinguish DDA from existing dialogue annotation frameworks such as SWBD-DAMSL and the ISO 24617-2 standard. First, DDA prioritizes the relational structure of the dialogue units and the dialog context, annotating both dialog acts and rhetorical relations as response relations to particular utterances. Second, DDA embraces overloading in dialogues, encouraging annotators to specify multiple response relations and dialog acts for each dialog unit. Lastly, DDA places an emphasis on adequately capturing how a speaker is using the full dialog context to plan and organize their speech. With these features, DDA is highly expressive and recall-oriented with regard to conversation dynamics between multiple speakers. In what follows, we present the DDA annotation framework and case studies annotating DDA structures in multi-party, multi-threaded conversations.

本文介绍了一个新的框架叫做“Dependency Dialogue Acts (DDA)”，该框架旨在捕捉多方对话中发言意图的结构，其与现有的对话注释框架不同之处在于，它强调了多方响应结构，注释的不仅是对话行为和修辞关系，还包括了语用、功能和响应结构；而且，DDA允许记录每个既定对话单元的多个响应关系和对话行为，强调了捕捉发言者如何使用完整对话环境来规划和组织他们的言语。

依存对话行为 -- 标注方案和案例研究