Prompt tuning, in which a base pretrained model is adapted to each task via conditioning on learned prompt vectors, has emerged as a promising approach for efficiently adapting large language models to multiple downstream tasks. However, existing methods typically learn soft prompt vectors from scratch, and it has not been clear how to exploit the rich cross-task knowledge with prompt vectors in a multitask learning setting. We propose multitask prompt tuning (MPT), which first learns a single transferable prompt by distilling knowledge from multiple task-specific source prompts. We then learn multiplicative low rank updates to this shared prompt to efficiently adapt it to each downstream target task. Extensive experiments on 23 NLP datasets demonstrate that our proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, including the full finetuning baseline in some cases, despite only tuning 0.035% as many task-specific parameters.

我们提出了多任务提示调整（MPT）方法，该方法通过从多个特定于任务的源提示中提取知识来首先学习一个单一可传输的提示，然后学习该共享提示的乘性低秩更新，以高效地将其适应每个下游目标任务。在23个自然语言处理数据集上进行的广泛实验表明，我们的方法在某些情况下优于最先进的方法，包括完全微调基线方法，尽管只有0.035％的特定于任务的参数被调整。

多任务提示调整实现参数效率转移学习