In the last decade of automatic speech recognition (ASR) research, the introduction of deep learning brought considerable reductions in word error rate of more than 50% relative, compared to modeling without deep learning. In the wake of this transition, a number of all-neural ASR architectures were introduced. These so-called end-to-end (E2E) models provide highly integrated, completely neural ASR models, which rely strongly on general machine learning knowledge, learn more consistently from data, while depending less on ASR domain-specific experience. The success and enthusiastic adoption of deep learning accompanied by more generic model architectures lead to E2E models now becoming the prominent ASR approach. The goal of this survey is to provide a taxonomy of E2E ASR models and corresponding improvements, and to discuss their properties and their relation to the classical hidden Markov model (HMM) based ASR architecture. All relevant aspects of E2E ASR are covered in this work: modeling, training, decoding, and external language model integration, accompanied by discussions of performance and deployment opportunities, as well as an outlook into potential future developments.

该研究论文介绍了端到端自动语音识别模型的分类和改进，讨论了它们对传统隐马尔科夫模型的影响，涵盖了模型、训练、解码和外部语言模型集成等各个方面，同时讨论了性能和部署机会以及未来的发展前景。

端到端语音识别综述