In this work, a Stackelberg game theoretic framework is proposed for trading energy bidirectionally between the demand-response (DR) aggregator and the prosumers. This formulation allows for flexible energy arbitrage and additional monetary rewards while ensuring that the prosumers' desired daily energy demand is met. Then, a scalable (with the number of prosumers) approach is proposed to find approximate equilibria based on online sampling and learning of the prosumers' cumulative best response. Moreover, bounds are provided on the quality of the approximate equilibrium solution. Last, real-world data from the California day-ahead energy market and the University of California at Davis building energy demands are utilized to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed framework and the online scalable solution.

本文提出了基于Stackelberg博弈理论的框架模型，实现需求响应汇集器和生产者之间的灵活双向能源套利，同时确保满足生产者的每日能源需求，基于在线采样学习的生产者最优响应提供了近似均衡及其质量界限，通过真实世界数据演示了所提出的框架和在线可伸缩方案的有效性。

具有需求响应聚合器的能源交易博弈中的可扩展在线学习近似Stackelberg解