The dynamics of neuron populations during diverse tasks often evolve on low-dimensional manifolds. However, it remains challenging to discern the contributions of geometry and dynamics for encoding relevant behavioural variables. Here, we introduce an unsupervised geometric deep learning framework for representing non-linear dynamical systems based on statistical distributions of local phase portrait features. Our method provides robust geometry-aware or geometry-agnostic representations for the unbiased comparison of dynamics based on measured trajectories. We demonstrate that our statistical representation can generalise across neural network instances to discriminate computational mechanisms, obtain interpretable embeddings of neural dynamics in a primate reaching task with geometric correspondence to hand kinematics, and develop a decoding algorithm with state-of-the-art accuracy. Our results highlight the importance of using the intrinsic manifold structure over temporal information to develop better decoding algorithms and assimilate data across experiments.

本研究提出了一种基于统计学习的无监督几何深度学习框架，利用局部相空间特征的统计分布来表示非线性动态系统，该方法提供了鲁棒的几何感知或几何无关的表示，可用于测量轨迹的基础上进行无偏的动力学比较，并设计了一种具有最先进准确性的解码算法。

神经群体动态和几何的可解释统计表征