Developed by OpenAI, ChatGPT (Conditional Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is an artificial intelligence technology that is fine-tuned using supervised machine learning and reinforcement learning techniques, allowing a computer to generate natural language conversation fully autonomously. ChatGPT is built on the transformer architecture and trained on millions of conversations from various sources. The system combines the power of pre-trained deep learning models with a programmability layer to provide a strong base for generating natural language conversations. In this study, after reviewing the existing literature, we examine the applications, opportunities, and threats of ChatGPT in 10 main domains, providing detailed examples for the business and industry as well as education. We also conducted an experimental study, checking the effectiveness and comparing the performances of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, and found that the latter performs significantly better. Despite its exceptional ability to generate natural-sounding responses, the authors believe that ChatGPT does not possess the same level of understanding, empathy, and creativity as a human and cannot fully replace them in most situations.

本研究探讨了OpenAI开发的ChatGPT技术在业务、教育等10个领域的应用、机会和威胁，介绍了ChatGPT的技术特点，以及对GPT-3.5和GPT-4的实验研究结果。虽然ChatGPT的生成自然语言对话的能力优异，但是它没有很高的理解力、同理心和创造力，不能在大多数情况下完全取代人类。

ChatGPT: 应用、机遇和威胁