Traditional models of glucose-insulin dynamics rely on heuristic parameterizations chosen to fit observations within a laboratory setting. However, these models cannot describe glucose dynamics in daily life. One source of failure is in their descriptions of glucose absorption rates after meal events. A meal's macronutritional content has nuanced effects on the absorption profile, which is difficult to model mechanistically. In this paper, we propose to learn the effects of macronutrition content from glucose-insulin data and meal covariates. Given macronutrition information and meal times, we use a neural network to predict an individual's glucose absorption rate. We use this neural rate function as the control function in a differential equation of glucose dynamics, enabling end-to-end training. On simulated data, our approach is able to closely approximate true absorption rates, resulting in better forecast than heuristic parameterizations, despite only observing glucose, insulin, and macronutritional information. Our work readily generalizes to meal events with higher-dimensional covariates, such as images, setting the stage for glucose dynamics models that are personalized to each individual's daily life.

本文提出了一种利用神经网络预测个体葡萄糖吸收率，从而通过微分方程建立个性化葡萄糖动力学模型的方法，本方法可以更好地处理餐后葡萄糖吸收与人体健康的关系。

从膳食协变量中学习葡萄糖 - 胰岛素动力学的吸收率