Time-to-event modelling, known as survival analysis, differs from standard regression as it addresses censoring in patients who do not experience the event of interest. Despite competitive performances in tackling this problem, machine learning methods often ignore other competing risks that preclude the event of interest. This practice biases the survival estimation. Extensions to address this challenge often rely on parametric assumptions or numerical estimations leading to sub-optimal survival approximations. This paper leverages constrained monotonic neural networks to model each competing survival distribution. This modelling choice ensures the exact likelihood maximisation at a reduced computational cost by using automatic differentiation. The effectiveness of the solution is demonstrated on one synthetic and three medical datasets. Finally, we discuss the implications of considering competing risks when developing risk scores for medical practice.

本文利用受限单调神经网络对具有竞争风险的生存分布进行建模，确保了在减少计算成本的同时实现了精确的最大似然估计，并在一项合成和三个医学数据集上展示了解决方案的有效性。最后，我们讨论了在开发医疗实践风险评分时考虑竞争风险的意义。

神经细分-针对竞争风险的单调神经网络