Instruction tuning for large language models (LLMs) has gained attention from researchers due to its ability to unlock the potential of LLMs in following instructions. While instruction tuning offers advantages for facilitating the adaptation of large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks as a fine-tuning approach, training models with tens of millions or even billions of parameters on large amounts of data results in unaffordable computational costs. To address this, we focus on reducing the data used in LLM instruction tuning to decrease training costs and improve data efficiency, dubbed as Low Training Data Instruction Tuning (LTD Instruction Tuning). Specifically, this paper conducts a preliminary exploration into reducing the data used in LLM training and identifies several observations regarding task specialization for LLM training, such as the optimization of performance for a specific task, the number of instruction types required for instruction tuning, and the amount of data required for task-specific models. The results suggest that task-specific models can be trained using less than 0.5% of the original dataset, with a 2% improvement in performance over those trained on full task-related data.

本文介绍了一种名为Low Training Data Instruction Tuning (LTD Instruction Tuning)的方式，从减少数据使用、优化任务性能、优化指令调整类型和使用任务特定模型等方面，降低大型语言模型（LLMs）指令调整的数据使用，提高数据利用效率。实验结果表明，可以使用少于原始数据集的0.5%来训练任务特定的模型，并且相较于使用完整的任务相关数据训练的模型，性能可提升2%。

或许只需要0.5%的数据：低训练数据指令调优的初步探索