This paper presents a generalized model for real-time detection of flying objects that can be used for transfer learning and further research, as well as a refined model that is ready for implementation. We achieve this by training our first generalized model on a data set containing 40 different classes of flying objects, forcing the model to extract abstract feature representations. We then perform transfer learning with these learned parameters on a data set more representative of real world environments (i.e., higher frequency of occlusion, small spatial sizes, rotations, etc.) to generate our refined model. Object detection of flying objects remains challenging due to large variance object spatial sizes/aspect ratios, rate of speed, occlusion, and clustered backgrounds. To address some of the presented challenges while simultaneously maximizing performance, we utilize the current state of the art single-shot detector, YOLOv8, in an attempt to find the best tradeoff between inference speed and mAP. While YOLOv8 is being regarded as the new state-of-the-art, an official paper has not been provided. Thus, we provide an in-depth explanation of the new architecture and functionality that YOLOv8 has adapted. Our final generalized model achieves an mAP50-95 of 0.685 and average inference speed on 1080p videos of 50 fps. Our final refined model maintains this inference speed and achieves an improved mAP50-95 of 0.835.

本文提出了一种广义飞行物实时检测模型，可用于迁移学习和进一步研究，同时提出了一种可用于实现的改进模型。通过将第一通用模型训练在包含40种不同类别的飞行物数据集上，我们可以使模型提取抽象特征表示，然后在代表真实世界环境的数据集上执行传递学习，从而生成改进的模型，并且我们尝试使用当前最先进的单发探测器YOLOv8来解决一些出现的挑战。最后得到的模型达到了 0.685 的 mAP50-95 和 50fps 的平均推断速度。

YOLOv8实时飞行物体检测