Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in language generation, understanding, and few-shot learning in recent years. An extensive body of work has explored how their performance may be further improved through the tools of prompting, ranging from verification, self-consistency, or intermediate scratchpads. In this paper, we present a complementary approach to improve language responses where multiple language model instances propose and debate their individual responses and reasoning processes over multiple rounds to arrive at a common final answer. Our findings indicate that this approach significantly enhances mathematical and strategic reasoning across a number of tasks. We also demonstrate that our approach improves the factual validity of generated content, reducing fallacious answers and hallucinations that contemporary models are prone to. Our approach may be directly applied to existing black-box models and uses identical procedure and prompts for all tasks we investigate. Overall, our findings suggest that such "society of minds" approach has the potential to significantly advance the capabilities of LLMs and pave the way for further breakthroughs in language generation and understanding.

该论文介绍了一种新方法，即通过多个语言模型实例的反复辩论和推理过程，以达成一个共同的最终答案，从而改善语言响应的表现，特别是在数学和策略推理方面，改善了已有模型中一些常见问题，如虚假答案和幻觉现象，并有望显著提高大型语言模型的性能和开拓语言生成和理解领域。

通过多智能体辩论提高语言模型的事实性和推理能力