Semi-supervised learning (SSL) methods, which can leverage a large amount of unlabeled data for improved performance, has attracted increasing attention recently. In this paper, we introduce a novel Context-aware Conditional Cross Pseudo Supervision method (referred as C$^3$PS) for semi-supervised medical image segmentation. Unlike previously published Cross Pseudo Supervision (CPS) works, this paper introduces a novel Conditional Cross Pseudo Supervision (CCPS) mechanism where the cross pseudo supervision is conditioned on a given class label. Context-awareness is further introduced in the CCPS to improve the quality of pseudo-labels for cross pseudo supervision. The proposed method has the additional advantage that in the later training stage, it can focus on the learning of hard organs. Validated on two typical yet challenging medical image segmentation tasks, our method demonstrates superior performance over the state-of-the-art methods.

提出了一种新的Context-aware Conditional Cross Pseudo Supervision，可用于半监督医学图像分割，具有条件的跨伪监督机制和上下文感知，能够在后期训练阶段集中学习难分割的器官，并在挑战性的医学图像分割任务中超过现有的方法。

C$^3$PS：基于上下文的条件交叉伪监督方法用于半监督医学图像分割