Probabilistic inference in high-dimensional state-space models is computationally challenging. For many spatiotemporal systems, however, prior knowledge about the dependency structure of state variables is available. We leverage this structure to develop a computationally efficient approach to state estimation and learning in graph-structured state-space models with (partially) unknown dynamics and limited historical data. Building on recent methods that combine ideas from deep learning with principled inference in Gaussian Markov random fields (GMRF), we reformulate graph-structured state-space models as Deep GMRFs defined by simple spatial and temporal graph layers. This results in a flexible spatiotemporal prior that can be learned efficiently from a single time sequence via variational inference. Under linear Gaussian assumptions, we retain a closed-form posterior, which can be sampled efficiently using the conjugate gradient method, scaling favourably compared to classical Kalman filter based approaches

该论文提出了一种基于图结构状态空间模型的概率推理方法，利用深度学习和高斯马尔可夫随机场的有原则的推理方法，定义简单的空间和时间图层，并通过变分推理从单个时间序列中高效地学习出灵活的时空先验分布，可缩放地采样出闭合的后验。

基于深度高斯马尔科夫随机场的图结构动态系统