Imitation learning from demonstrations (ILD) aims to alleviate numerous shortcomings of reinforcement learning through the use of demonstrations. However, in most real-world applications, expert action guidance is absent, making the use of ILD impossible. Instead, we consider imitation learning from observations (ILO), where no expert actions are provided, making it a significantly more challenging problem to address. Existing methods often employ on-policy learning, which is known to be sample-costly. This paper presents SEILO, a novel sample-efficient on-policy algorithm for ILO, that combines standard adversarial imitation learning with inverse dynamics modeling. This approach enables the agent to receive feedback from both the adversarial procedure and a behavior cloning loss. We empirically demonstrate that our proposed algorithm requires fewer interactions with the environment to achieve expert performance compared to other state-of-the-art on-policy ILO and ILD methods.

本文提出了SEILO，这是一种新颖的ILO的样本有效的on-policy算法，结合了标准的对抗性模仿学习和逆动力学建模，通过此方法能够使智能体从对手过程和行为克隆损失中接收反馈，我们实证表明，相比于其他现有的on-policy ILO和ILD方法，我们所提出的算法需要更少的与环境的交互才能实现专家绩效。

基于策略的样本高效观测模仿学习