The development of successful artificial intelligence models for chest X-ray analysis relies on large, diverse datasets with high-quality annotations. While several databases of chest X-ray images have been released, most include disease diagnosis labels but lack detailed pixel-level anatomical segmentation labels. To address this gap, we introduce an extensive chest X-ray multi-center segmentation dataset with uniform and fine-grain anatomical annotations for images coming from six well-known publicly available databases: CANDID-PTX, ChestX-ray8, Chexpert, MIMIC-CXR-JPG, Padchest, and VinDr-CXR, resulting in 676,803 segmentation masks. Our methodology utilizes the HybridGNet model to ensure consistent and high-quality segmentations across all datasets. Rigorous validation, including expert physician evaluation and automatic quality control, was conducted to validate the resulting masks. Additionally, we provide individualized quality indices per mask and an overall quality estimation per dataset. This dataset serves as a valuable resource for the broader scientific community, streamlining the development and assessment of innovative methodologies in chest X-ray analysis. The CheXmask dataset is publicly available at: \url{https://physionet.org/content/chexmask-cxr-segmentation-data/}.

通过六个公开数据库的统一和精细的解剖学标注，提出了一个广泛的胸部X射线多中心分割数据集。在这个数据集中，使用HybridGNet模型进行严格的验证和高质量的分割，提供了每个掩膜的个性化质量指数和数据集的整体质量评估。该数据集对于胸部X射线分析方法的开发和评估具有重要价值。

CheXmask：一个多中心胸部X射线图像的解剖分割掩膜的大规模数据集