ChatGPT is a large language model (LLM) created by OpenAI that has been carefully trained on a large amount of data. It has revolutionized the field of natural language processing (NLP) and has pushed the boundaries of LLM capabilities. ChatGPT has played a pivotal role in enabling widespread public interaction with generative artificial intelligence (GAI) on a large scale. It has also sparked research interest in developing similar technologies and investigating their applications and implications. In this paper, our primary goal is to provide a concise survey on the current lines of research on ChatGPT and its evolution. We considered both the glass box and black box views of ChatGPT, encompassing the components and foundational elements of the technology, as well as its applications, impacts, and implications. The glass box approach focuses on understanding the inner workings of the technology, and the black box approach embraces it as a complex system, and thus examines its inputs, outputs, and effects. This paves the way for a comprehensive exploration of the technology and provides a road map for further research and experimentation. We also lay out essential foundational literature on LLMs and GAI in general and their connection with ChatGPT. This overview sheds light on existing and missing research lines in the emerging field of LLMs, benefiting both public users and developers. Furthermore, the paper delves into the broad spectrum of applications and significant concerns in fields such as education, research, healthcare, finance, etc.

ChatGPT是OpenAI创建的一种大型语言模型(LLM)，通过大量数据的精心训练，推动了自然语言处理(NLP)的发展，并拓展了LLM的能力边界。本文主要目标是对ChatGPT及其演变的当前研究方向进行简明概述，提供了基于玻璃盒和黑盒观点的综合分析。此概述也揭示了LLM和GAI领域的现有和缺失研究方向，有益于公众用户和开发人员。

ChatGPT在生成式人工智能和大型语言模型时代的简明调查