DOLCE, the first top-level (foundational) ontology to be axiomatized, has remained stable for twenty years and today is broadly used in a variety of domains. DOLCE is inspired by cognitive and linguistic considerations and aims to model a commonsense view of reality, like the one human beings exploit in everyday life in areas as diverse as socio-technical systems, manufacturing, financial transactions and cultural heritage. DOLCE clearly lists the ontological choices it is based upon, relies on philosophical principles, is richly formalized, and is built according to well-established ontological methodologies, e.g. OntoClean. Because of these features, it has inspired most of the existing top-level ontologies and has been used to develop or improve standards and public domain resources (e.g. CIDOC CRM, DBpedia and WordNet). Being a foundational ontology, DOLCE is not directly concerned with domain knowledge. Its purpose is to provide the general categories and relations needed to give a coherent view of reality, to integrate domain knowledge, and to mediate across domains. In these 20 years DOLCE has shown that applied ontologies can be stable and that interoperability across reference and domain ontologies is a reality. This paper briefly introduces the ontology and shows how to use it on a few modeling cases.

DOLCE是第一个被公理化的顶层本体论，以其基于认知和语言考虑的模型为基础，被广泛应用于各个领域。它清晰列出了其基于的本体论选择，借助哲学原理进行丰富的形式化，并根据成熟的本体论方法构建，如OntoClean。在过去的20年中，DOLCE表明应用本体论可以稳定，并且在参考和领域本体论之间存在互操作性。本文简要介绍了该本体论并展示了如何在一些建模案例中使用它。

DOLCE：用于语言和认知工程的描述性本体论