Conversational search provides a natural interface for information retrieval (IR). Recent approaches have demonstrated promising results in applying dense retrieval to conversational IR. However, training dense retrievers requires large amounts of in-domain paired data. This hinders the development of conversational dense retrievers, as abundant in-domain conversations are expensive to collect. In this paper, we propose CONVERSER, a framework for training conversational dense retrievers with at most 6 examples of in-domain dialogues. Specifically, we utilize the in-context learning capability of large language models to generate conversational queries given a passage in the retrieval corpus. Experimental results on conversational retrieval benchmarks OR-QuAC and TREC CAsT 19 show that the proposed CONVERSER achieves comparable performance to fully-supervised models, demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed framework in few-shot conversational dense retrieval. All source code and generated datasets are available at https://github.com/MiuLab/CONVERSER

使用CONVERSER框架，在最多6个领域对话示例的情况下，利用大规模语言模型的上下文学习能力为基于对话的密集重排进行训练，实验结果表明所提出的框架在少样本对话密集重排中取得了可比较的性能。

CONVERSER：基于合成数据生成的小样本对话稠密检索