3D object-level mapping is a fundamental problem in robotics, which is especially challenging when object CAD models are unavailable during inference. In this work, we propose a framework that can reconstruct high-quality object-level maps for unknown objects. Our approach takes multiple RGB-D images as input and outputs dense 3D shapes and 9-DoF poses (including 3 scale parameters) for detected objects. The core idea of our approach is to leverage a learnt generative model for shape categories as a prior and to formulate a probabilistic, uncertainty-aware optimization framework for 3D reconstruction. We derive a probabilistic formulation that propagates shape and pose uncertainty through two novel loss functions. Unlike current state-of-the-art approaches, we explicitly model the uncertainty of the object shapes and poses during our optimization, resulting in a high-quality object-level mapping system. Moreover, the resulting shape and pose uncertainties, which we demonstrate can accurately reflect the true errors of our object maps, can also be useful for downstream robotics tasks such as active vision. We perform extensive evaluations on indoor and outdoor real-world datasets, achieving achieves substantial improvements over state-of-the-art methods. Our code will be available at https://github.com/TRAILab/UncertainShapePose.

提出一个基于学习生成模型和概率不确定性优化框架的方法，用于在没有对象CAD模型的情况下进行高质量的未知对象的三维重建和定位，并且通过引入形状和姿态的不确定性，得到了能够准确反映对象地图错误的姿态和形状不确定性。

基于深度形态先验的不确定性感知三维物体级建图