Preparing training data for deep vision models is a labor-intensive task. To address this, generative models have emerged as an effective solution for generating synthetic data. While current generative models produce image-level category labels, we propose a novel method for generating pixel-level semantic segmentation labels using the text-to-image generative model Stable Diffusion (SD). By utilizing the text prompts, cross-attention, and self-attention of SD, we introduce three new techniques: \textit{class-prompt appending}, \textit{class-prompt cross-attention}, and \textit{self-attention exponentiation}. These techniques enable us to generate segmentation maps corresponding to synthetic images. These maps serve as pseudo-labels for training semantic segmenters, eliminating the need for labor-intensive pixel-wise annotation. To account for the imperfections in our pseudo-labels, we incorporate uncertainty regions into the segmentation, allowing us to disregard loss from those regions. We conduct evaluations on two datasets, PASCAL VOC and MSCOCO, and our approach significantly outperforms concurrent work. Our benchmarks and code will be released at https://github.com/VinAIResearch/Dataset-Diffusion

通过利用文本到图像生成模型Stable Diffusion (SD)的文本提示、交叉注意力和自我注意力，我们引入了三种新技术：类别提示附加，类别提示交叉注意力和自我注意力指数化，从而生成与合成图像相对应的分割地图，这些地图可以作为训练语义分割器的伪标签，消除了对像素级注释的繁重需求，我们还在PASCAL VOC和MSCOCO两个数据集上进行了评估，我们的方法明显优于同行的工作。

数据集扩散：基于扩散的像素级语义分割合成数据集生成