Due to the vast chemical space, discovering materials with a specific function is challenging. Chemical formulas are obligated to conform to a set of exacting criteria such as charge neutrality, balanced electronegativity, synthesizability, and mechanical stability. In response to this formidable task, we introduce a deep learning-based generative model for material composition and structure design by learning and exploiting explicit and implicit chemical knowledge. Our pipeline first uses deep diffusion language models as the generator of compositions and then applies a template-based crystal structure prediction algorithm to predict their corresponding structures, which is then followed by structure relaxation using a universal graph neural network-based potential. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the formation energies and energy-above-the-hull analysis are used to validate new structures generated through our pipeline. Based on the DFT calculation results, six new materials, including Ti2HfO5, TaNbP, YMoN2, TaReO4, HfTiO2, and HfMnO2, with formation energy less than zero have been found. Remarkably, among these, four materials, namely Ti2$HfO5, TaNbP, YMoN2, and TaReO4, exhibit an e-above-hull energy of less than 0.3 eV. These findings have proved the effectiveness of our approach.

基于深度学习的生成模型和密度泛函理论，我们通过学习和利用显式和隐式化学知识，提出了一种材料组成和结构设计的方法。通过深度扩散语言模型生成组合，并应用基于模板的晶体结构预测算法预测相应的结构，然后使用基于通用图神经网络的势函数进行结构弛豫。通过密度泛函理论的计算和能量分析验证了我们的方法，并发现了六种新的具有负能量生成焓的材料，证明了我们方法的有效性。

基于深度扩散语言模型的无机化合物生成设计