[See full abstract in the pdf] Formal Thought Disorder (FTD), which is a group of symptoms in cognition that affects language and thought, can be observed through language. FTD is seen across such developmental or psychiatric disorders as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or Schizophrenia, and its related Schizotypal Personality Disorder (SPD). This paper collected a Japanese audio-report dataset with score labels related to ASD and SPD through a crowd-sourcing service from the general population. We measured language characteristics with the 2nd edition of the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS2) and the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), including an odd speech subscale from SPQ to quantify the FTD symptoms. We investigated the following four research questions through machine-learning-based score predictions: (RQ1) How are schizotypal and autistic measures correlated? (RQ2) What is the most suitable task to elicit FTD symptoms? (RQ3) Does the length of speech affect the elicitation of FTD symptoms? (RQ4) Which features are critical for capturing FTD symptoms? We confirmed that an FTD-related subscale, odd speech, was significantly correlated with both the total SPQ and SRS scores, although they themselves were not correlated significantly. Our regression analysis indicated that longer speech about a negative memory elicited more FTD symptoms. The ablation study confirmed the importance of function words and both the abstract and temporal features for FTD-related odd speech estimation. In contrast, content words were effective only in the SRS predictions, and content words were effective only in the SPQ predictions, a result that implies the differences between SPD-like and ASD-like symptoms. Data and programs used in this paper can be found here: https://sites.google.com/view/sagatake/resource.

通过机器学习的分数预测，本文调查了奇怪言辞子量表与总量表和社会响应性量表之间的关联；找出了调取奇怪言辞子量表症状的最适合任务；发现消极记忆中较长的言辞会引发更多的奇怪言辞症状；证实了功能词和抽象及时间特征对奇怪言辞估计的重要性，并发现了SPD样症状与ASD样症状之间的差异。

计算分析思维障碍伴有精神分裂和孤独症特质的语言特征