Melanoma is a dangerous form of skin cancer caused by the abnormal growth of skin cells. Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) approaches, including the U-Net architecture, can automatically segment skin lesions to aid diagnosis. The symmetrical U-Net model has shown outstanding results, but its use of a convolutional operation limits its ability to capture long-range dependencies, which are essential for accurate medical image segmentation. In addition, the U-shaped structure suffers from the semantic gaps between the encoder and decoder. In this study, we developed and evaluated a U-shaped hierarchical Transformer-based structure for skin lesion segmentation while we proposed an Inter-scale Context Fusion (ISCF) to utilize the attention correlations in each stage of the encoder to adaptively combine the contexts coming from each stage to hinder the semantic gaps. The preliminary results of the skin lesion segmentation benchmark endorse the applicability and efficacy of the ISCF module.

本研究提出并评估了一种基于分层 Transformer 结构的 U 型网络模型用于皮肤病变分割，同时提出了一种自适应地结合每个阶段上下文的 Inter-scale Context Fusion (ISCF) 方法，初步结果证明了ISCF模块在皮肤病变分割基准上的适用性和效能。

基于Transformer网络的皮肤病变分割的跨尺度依赖建模