In this paper, we focus on the data-driven discovery of a general second-order particle-based model that contains many state-of-the-art models for modeling the aggregation and collective behavior of interacting agents of similar size and body type. This model takes the form of a high-dimensional system of ordinary differential equations parameterized by two interaction kernels that appraise the alignment of positions and velocities. We propose a Gaussian Process-based approach to this problem, where the unknown model parameters are marginalized by using two independent Gaussian Process (GP) priors on latent interaction kernels constrained to dynamics and observational data. This results in a nonparametric model for interacting dynamical systems that accounts for uncertainty quantification. We also develop acceleration techniques to improve scalability. Moreover, we perform a theoretical analysis to interpret the methodology and investigate the conditions under which the kernels can be recovered. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach on various prototype systems, including the selection of the order of the systems and the types of interactions. In particular, we present applications to modeling two real-world fish motion datasets that display flocking and milling patterns up to 248 dimensions. Despite the use of small data sets, the GP-based approach learns an effective representation of the nonlinear dynamics in these spaces and outperforms competitor methods.

本文通过数据驱动的方法，提出了一种基于粒子的模型，使用基于高斯过程的方法来对相互作用的动力学系统进行建模，并利用小型数据集证明了该方法在描述非线性动力学系统方面的有效性。

基于高斯过程和低维交互结构的二阶粒子动力学数据驱动模型选择