Deep learning (DL) has shown remarkable success in various medical imaging data analysis applications. However, it remains challenging for DL models to achieve good generalization, especially when the training and testing datasets are collected at sites with different scanners, due to domain shift caused by differences in data distributions. Domain adaptation has emerged as an effective means to address this challenge by mitigating domain gaps in medical imaging applications. In this review, we specifically focus on domain adaptation approaches for DL-based medical image segmentation. We first present the motivation and background knowledge underlying domain adaptations, then provide a comprehensive review of domain adaptation applications in medical image segmentations, and finally discuss the challenges, limitations, and future research trends in the field to promote the methodology development of domain adaptation in the context of medical image segmentation. Our goal was to provide researchers with up-to-date references on the applications of domain adaptation in medical image segmentation studies.

深度学习在医学影像数据分析应用中取得了显著的成功。然而，由于数据分布的差异导致的领域偏移使得深度学习模型在不同扫描仪的不同站点所收集的训练和测试数据上难以实现良好的泛化能力。领域适应作为一种有效手段旨在通过减少医学影像应用中的领域差距来应对这一挑战。本综述针对基于深度学习的医学图像分割领域适应方法进行了重点研究。我们首先介绍领域适应的动机和背景知识，然后全面回顾了医学图像分割中领域适应应用，并最后讨论了该领域的挑战、局限性和未来研究趋势，以促进领域适应在医学图像分割的方法学发展。我们的目标是为研究人员提供关于领域适应在医学图像分割研究中的最新参考文献。

医学图像分割与域适应：综述