Integrating information from multiple modalities is arguably one of the essential prerequisites for grounding artificial intelligence systems with an understanding of the real world. Recent advances in video transformers that jointly learn from vision, text, and sound over time have made some progress toward this goal, but the degree to which these models integrate information from modalities still remains unclear. In this work, we present a promising approach for probing a pre-trained multimodal video transformer model by leveraging neuroscientific evidence of multimodal information processing in the brain. Using brain recordings of participants watching a popular TV show, we analyze the effects of multi-modal connections and interactions in a pre-trained multi-modal video transformer on the alignment with uni- and multi-modal brain regions. We find evidence that vision enhances masked prediction performance during language processing, providing support that cross-modal representations in models can benefit individual modalities. However, we don't find evidence of brain-relevant information captured by the joint multi-modal transformer representations beyond that captured by all of the individual modalities. We finally show that the brain alignment of the pre-trained joint representation can be improved by fine-tuning using a task that requires vision-language inferences. Overall, our results paint an optimistic picture of the ability of multi-modal transformers to integrate vision and language in partially brain-relevant ways but also show that improving the brain alignment of these models may require new approaches.

我们通过利用脑科学证据来探索预训练的多模态视频变换器模型，发现视觉增强了与语言处理中的遮蔽预测性能，支持模型中交叉模态表示可以受益于个体模态，但未发现与大脑相关的信息，我们展示使用一个需要视觉-语言推理的任务，可以改善预训练联合表示的脑对齐效果，这些结果呈现了多模态变换器在部分与大脑相关的方式上集成视觉和语言的能力，但也表明改善这些模型的脑对齐可能需要新的方法。

多模视觉-语言整合的多模视频变压器与大脑(部分)对齐