Learning from human feedback is a prominent technique to align the output of large language models (LLMs) with human expectations. Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) leverages human preference signals that are in the form of ranking of response pairs to perform this alignment. However, human preference on LLM outputs can come in much richer forms including natural language, which may provide detailed feedback on strengths and weaknesses of a given response. In this work we investigate data efficiency of modeling human feedback that is in natural language. Specifically, we fine-tune an open-source LLM, e.g., Falcon-40B-Instruct, on a relatively small amount (1000 records or even less) of human feedback in natural language in the form of critiques and revisions of responses. We show that this model is able to improve the quality of responses from even some of the strongest LLMs such as ChatGPT, BARD, and Vicuna, through critique and revision of those responses. For instance, through one iteration of revision of ChatGPT responses, the revised responses have 56.6% win rate over the original ones, and this win rate can be further improved to 65.9% after applying the revision for five iterations.

通过模型中人类反馈的学习，改进大型语言模型（LLMs）的输出与人类期望的一致性，利用人类反馈信号中以响应对的排名形式的强化学习，研究使用自然语言反馈模型的数据效率，通过对ChatGPT、BARD和Vicuna等模型的反馈逐渐改进，提高了模型的响应质量。

通过自然语言以人工反馈聚合大规模语言模型数据对齐