We consider the problem of learning causal Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) using combinations of observational and interventional experimental data. Current methods tailored to this setting assume that interventions either destroy parent-child relations of the intervened (target) nodes or only alter such relations without modifying the parent sets, even when the intervention targets are unknown. We relax this assumption by proposing a Bayesian method for causal discovery from general interventions, which allow for modifications of the parent sets of the unknown targets. Even in this framework, DAGs and general interventions may be identifiable only up to some equivalence classes. We provide graphical characterizations of such interventional Markov equivalence and devise compatible priors for Bayesian inference that guarantee score equivalence of indistinguishable structures. We then develop a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) scheme to approximate the posterior distribution over DAGs, intervention targets and induced parent sets. Finally, we evaluate the proposed methodology on both simulated and real protein expression data.

学习因果有向无环图（DAG）的问题，使用观测和干预实验数据的组合进行研究，采用贝叶斯方法从一般干预中进行因果发现，通过图形特征化和兼容先验的贝叶斯推断保证不可区分结构的分数等价性，利用马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛（MCMC）拟合DAG、干预目标和导致的父节点集合的后验分布，最后在模拟和真实蛋白质表达数据上评估了所提出的方法。

基于贝叶斯的从未知一般干预中发现因果关系