Semi-supervised learning has attracted much attention due to its less dependence on acquiring abundant annotations from experts compared to fully supervised methods, which is especially important for medical image segmentation which typically requires intensive pixel/voxel-wise labeling by domain experts. Although semi-supervised methods can improve the performance by utilizing unlabeled data, there are still gaps between fully supervised methods under extremely limited annotation scenarios. In this paper, we propose a simple yet efficient strategy to explore the usage of the Segment Anything Model (SAM) for enhancing semi-supervised medical image segmentation. Concretely, the segmentation model trained with domain knowledge provides information for localization and generating input prompts to the SAM. Then the generated pseudo-labels of SAM are utilized as additional supervision to assist in the learning procedure of the semi-supervised framework. Experimental results demonstrate that SAM's assistance significantly enhances the performance of existing semi-supervised frameworks, especially when only one or a few labeled images are available.

通过将Segment Anything Model (SAM) 的伪标签作为辅助来增强半监督医学图像分割的学习过程，能够显著提升现有的半监督框架在极为有限的标注图像情况下的性能。

SemiSAM：探索SAM以提升极少标注的半监督医学图像分割