Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a relatively rare disease that affects patients at birth and results in extremely heterogeneous anatomical and functional defects. 12-lead ECG signal is routinely collected in CHD patients because it provides significant biomarkers for disease prognosis. However, developing accurate machine learning models is challenging due to the lack of large available datasets. Here, we suggest exploiting the Riemannian geometry of the spatial covariance structure of the ECG signal to improve classification. Firstly, we use covariance augmentation to mix samples across the Riemannian geodesic between corresponding classes. Secondly, we suggest to project the covariance matrices to their respective class Riemannian mean to enhance the quality of feature extraction via tangent space projection. We perform several ablation experiments and demonstrate significant improvement compared to traditional machine learning models and deep learning on ECG time series data.

在这篇论文中，我们利用心脏病患者的12导联心电图（ECG）信号的空间协方差结构的黎曼几何来改善分类，通过协方差增强和切空间投影来提高特征提取质量，并通过消融实验证明相比传统机器学习模型和深度学习，我们的方法在ECG时间序列数据上取得显著的改进。

基于12导联心电图的先天性心脏病解剖诊断的黎曼预测