Receiving immediate and personalized feedback is crucial for second-language learners, and Automated Essay Scoring (AES) systems are a vital resource when human instructors are unavailable. This study investigates the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs), specifically GPT-4 and fine-tuned GPT-3.5, as tools for AES. Our comprehensive set of experiments, conducted on both public and private datasets, highlights the remarkable advantages of LLM-based AES systems. They include superior accuracy, consistency, generalizability, and interpretability, with fine-tuned GPT-3.5 surpassing traditional grading models. Additionally, we undertake LLM-assisted human evaluation experiments involving both novice and expert graders. One pivotal discovery is that LLMs not only automate the grading process but also enhance the performance of human graders. Novice graders when provided with feedback generated by LLMs, achieve a level of accuracy on par with experts, while experts become more efficient and maintain greater consistency in their assessments. These results underscore the potential of LLMs in educational technology, paving the way for effective collaboration between humans and AI, ultimately leading to transformative learning experiences through AI-generated feedback.

研究调查了大型语言模型（LLMs），特别是GPT-4和经过精细调整的GPT-3.5作为自动作文评分（AES）系统的工具的有效性。实验结果显示LLM-based AES系统具有卓越的准确性、一致性、泛化能力和可解释性，并超越传统评分模型，同时也提高人工评分员的表现。

从自动化到增强：大语言模型提升作文评分领域