This chapter examines the role of Machine Translation in perpetuating gender bias, highlighting the challenges posed by cross-linguistic settings and statistical dependencies. A comprehensive overview of relevant existing work related to gender bias in both conventional Neural Machine Translation approaches and Generative Pretrained Transformer models employed as Machine Translation systems is provided. Through an experiment using ChatGPT (based on GPT-3.5) in an English-Italian translation context, we further assess ChatGPT's current capacity to address gender bias. The findings emphasize the ongoing need for advancements in mitigating bias in Machine Translation systems and underscore the importance of fostering fairness and inclusivity in language technologies.

本章检查了机器翻译在持续性别偏见方面的作用，强调了跨语言环境和统计依赖性所带来的挑战。提供了与传统神经机器翻译方法和作为机器翻译系统的生成式预训练变压器模型相关的现有研究的全面概述。通过在英意翻译环境中使用ChatGPT（基于GPT-3.5）的实验，进一步评估了ChatGPT目前解决性别偏见的能力。研究结果强调了在机器翻译系统中减少偏见的发展的持续需求，并强调了在语言技术中培养公平和包容的重要性。

机器翻译中的性别偏见与大型语言模型时代